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intro_cmos [2026/08/11 10:54] – [Digital pixel sensor (DPS)] xhoana.likmeta.extintro_cmos [2026/09/22 14:18] (current) – [Front side illmunation (FSI) and Bask side illumination (BI)] antoine
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 ===== Types of illumination ===== ===== Types of illumination =====
  
-==== Front side illmunation (FSI) and Bask side illumination (BI) ====+==== Front side illmunation (FSI) and Back side illumination (BI) ====
 More for early sensors [(Advances_on_CMOS)] More for early sensors [(Advances_on_CMOS)]
 Since its invention in 1993, CMOS image technology has evolved. The first architectures were front-illuminated, meaning the microlens and color filter were on top, followed by metal wiring for interconnects and the photodiode on the bottom. Since light enters the image sensor through the metal layers, some light information is reflected and lost before reaching the photodiode. This affected the performance of front-illuminated sensors, but Sony Corporation solved the problem by moving the photodiode to the top, next to the color filter. This architecture is known as the back-illuminated (BI) CMOS image sensor, which greatly improved the sensor’s performance.  Since its invention in 1993, CMOS image technology has evolved. The first architectures were front-illuminated, meaning the microlens and color filter were on top, followed by metal wiring for interconnects and the photodiode on the bottom. Since light enters the image sensor through the metal layers, some light information is reflected and lost before reaching the photodiode. This affected the performance of front-illuminated sensors, but Sony Corporation solved the problem by moving the photodiode to the top, next to the color filter. This architecture is known as the back-illuminated (BI) CMOS image sensor, which greatly improved the sensor’s performance.