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life_cycle_assessment [2026/06/16 10:20] – antoinelife_cycle_assessment [2026/06/16 10:45] (current) – [Definition] antoine
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-**Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)** is a method that assesses the environmental impacts of products or systems. It is the recommended method for environmental display at the European level and standardized at the international level. This method is largely used because of its 3 main characteristics : +**Life Cycle Assessment (LCA)** is a method that assesses the environmental impacts of products or systems. It is the recommended method for environmental display at the European level and standardized at the international level. This method is largely used because of its 3 main characteristics: 
-  - **Functional:** The object of study is defined by the function it fulfills. This allows a comparison between different solutions in order to choose the best one+  - **Functional:** The object of study is defined by the function it fulfills. This allows a comparison between different solutions in order to choose the best one.
   - **Multi-criteria:** Several environmental indicators are taken into account during the study. They include global warming potential, contribution to the depletion of abiotic and fossil resources, or the contribution of ionizing radiation. These indicators are among the main contributors to the impacts of digital technology.   - **Multi-criteria:** Several environmental indicators are taken into account during the study. They include global warming potential, contribution to the depletion of abiotic and fossil resources, or the contribution of ionizing radiation. These indicators are among the main contributors to the impacts of digital technology.
-  - **Life-cycle approach:** The impacts generated during all life cycle stages of the studied object are considered :  \\+  - **Life-cycle approach:** The impacts generated during all life cycle stages of the studied object are considered:  \\
      * __Extraction of raw materials:__ A lot of energy, chemicals and water are needed to extract materials from the earth and refine them. Furthermore, the concerned resources are limited and are getting rarer, thus it will be more and more difficult to extract them.      * __Extraction of raw materials:__ A lot of energy, chemicals and water are needed to extract materials from the earth and refine them. Furthermore, the concerned resources are limited and are getting rarer, thus it will be more and more difficult to extract them.
      * __Manufacturing:__ During manufacturing, the raw materials are transformed into digital components and equipment. This consumes a lot of water and energy.      * __Manufacturing:__ During manufacturing, the raw materials are transformed into digital components and equipment. This consumes a lot of water and energy.
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 Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie — Exigences et lignes directrices]])]. Standard ISO 14040 describes the main principles of an LCA and is fairly general. Standard ISO 14044 sets out the requirements and guidelines in greater detail. Management environnemental — Analyse du cycle de vie — Exigences et lignes directrices]])]. Standard ISO 14040 describes the main principles of an LCA and is fairly general. Standard ISO 14044 sets out the requirements and guidelines in greater detail.
  
-==== Product Envionnemental Footprint (PEF) method ====+===== Product Envionnemental Footprint (PEF) method =====
  
  
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-===== Parametric Life Cycle Analysis =====+===== Parametric Life Cycle Assessment =====
  
 **Parametric LCA** extends traditional Life Cycle Assessment by replacing fixed input flows with adjustable parameters.  **Parametric LCA** extends traditional Life Cycle Assessment by replacing fixed input flows with adjustable parameters. 
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 Rather than collecting inventory data directly, it infers it from **sensitivity & usable parameters** making it a hybrid of parameterization techniques and conventional LCA methodology. Rather than collecting inventory data directly, it infers it from **sensitivity & usable parameters** making it a hybrid of parameterization techniques and conventional LCA methodology.
  
-The core advantage of this approach lies in its ** reusability**: once the parametric model is built for a given product category, it can be applied to any number of products within that category without starting from scratch. This makes it significantly **faster to update** than classical LCA, which is a particularly valuable trait in fast-moving sectors like ICT.+The core advantage of this approach lies in its **reusability:** once the parametric model is built for a given product category, it can be applied to any number of products within that category without starting from scratch. This makes it significantly **faster to update** than classical LCA, which is a particularly valuable trait in fast-moving sectors like ICT.
 In essence, parametric LCA trades some granularity for a much leaner workflow — a deliberate trade-off calibrated to the level of accuracy that actually matters for the decisions at hand. In essence, parametric LCA trades some granularity for a much leaner workflow — a deliberate trade-off calibrated to the level of accuracy that actually matters for the decisions at hand.
  
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 <figure center |naknow_model> <figure center |naknow_model>
-{{ ::naknow_model_anonymous.png?direct&800 |}}+{{ :naknow_model_anonymous_clean.png?direct&700 |}}
 <caption> naKnow parametric model </caption> <caption> naKnow parametric model </caption>
 </figure> </figure>
  
 ===== Bibliography ===== ===== Bibliography =====