# Screen ## System Definition - Goal and scope A screen is an electronic device designed to render visual content, by displaying electronic images. It is composed of pixels, which light up to create the image. ### Definition #### What is it used for? * Render visual content, by displaying electronic images * Used for laptop, tablet, smartphone, computer monitor, television #### Are they different types and technologies? Technologies: * CRT = Cathode Ray Tube * LCD = Liquid Crystal Displays * LED = Light-Emitting Diode * [[intro_OLED|OLED]] = Organic Light-Emitting Diode * e-paper * plasma * SED = Surface-conduction Electron emitter Display Can be touch-sensitive or not, flexible or rigid, transparent or not. {{:capture_d_ecran_2026-04-01_090428.png?direct&400|}} main panel types #### If different types, what are the differences in terms of materials, process, use consumption? * LCD screen: they have a backlight, a TFT (thin film transistor) matrix, liquid crysals, poliraziers * [[intro_oled|OLED screens]]: no backlight needed, TFT matrix is optional, emissive materials are organic * e-paper: TBC #### Is there a generic component that represents a family of components? TBC #### How many sub-parts does the system consist of? TBC ### Perimeter #### What is included? TBC #### What is excluded? TBC ### Functional unit and reference flows #### What is the functional unit? TBC #### What are the reference flows? TBC ## Life Cycle - Inventory => Goal: Define state of the art on life cycle stages to be considered. ### Database and tools #### What are the already existing data (dataset, parametric model, paper, etc.)? Ecoinvent dataset, Negaoctet dataset, draft of parametric in Léa Bitard's Master thesis (Resilio) ### Raw materials => Goal: List the technical information needed for the LCI. #### What is it made of? #### Who are the main mining? Where are they located? #### Is there mining processes information available? ### Manufacturing => Goal: List the technical information needed for the LCI. * [[screen_manufacturing|Manufacturing processes of screens]] For each system sub-part: #### What are the manufacturing processes? #### What are the assembly processes? #### For each process, what is the energy consumption? #### For each process, what are the inputs (water, chemicals, etc.) ? #### For each process, what is the yield? Are they co-products and/or losses? #### How the “main” manufacturers can be characterized: by the number of components manufactured, the market share (€), other? #### Who are the main manufacturers? Where are they located? ### Distribution and packaging => Goal: List the technical information needed for the LCI. #### What are the packaging? Made of which materials? #### Which are the transport modes? #### What are the transport distances? ### Use => Goal: List the technical information needed for the LCI. #### What is the service lifespan? (durée d'utilisation) #### Is there a reparation factor? #### Is there sub-parts replacement? #### Where is it used? #### Who are the users? #### Which + how much energy does it need? #### Is there emissions from use? ### End of life => Goal: List the technical information needed for the LCI. #### What is the lifetime? (durée de vie) #### Is it different from lifespan and why? #### Is it refurbished? + Where? #### Is it recyclable? Can it be dismantled? Which material can be separated? + Where and how? #### Is it incinerated with energy recovery? Just incinerated? Buried? + Where? #### Which part of waste can be considered as mismanaged (neither recycled, nor incinerated, nor buried)? ## Environmental assessment => Goal: Define state of the art on environmental impacts. ### What are the impact assessment methods used (EF, ReCiPe, others)? ### What are the known environmental impacts associated to the system (indicators)? ### What are the known hotspots? Which raw material? Which life stage? ### What are the potential parameters affecting environmental impact? * screen technology * screen format: the ratio between the width and the height of the display * diagonal lenght ### What are the main source of uncertainty? ## Bibliography => Goal: Source every data we cited previously ### List of our sources ### Data origin: bibliographic source / consortium hypothesis / expert opinion - required if a Data Quality Rating (DQR) must be completed ## Next steps => Goal: List challenges and clarify priority areas for action ### What do we know we don't know? * The process technologies and yields must have improved in the past years. ### What are the identified challenges? * Almost no data at all ### What paths/ideas should be explored?