https://lib.naknow.eco/ 2026-04-13T21:59:18+00:00 https://lib.naknow.eco/ https://lib.naknow.eco/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=wiki:logo.svg text/html 2026-03-27T08:58:04+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=fab-process-flow.md&rev=1774601884&do=diff Front-end manufacturing concepts and process flow Semiconductor manufacturing is among the most complex processes on Earth, if not the most complex. Summarizing the process flow of such an industry in simple terms is difficult given the specific requirements of each type of product produced. text/html 2026-03-24T15:16:16+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=front-end.md&rev=1774365376&do=diff Front-end processes 1. Cleaning Processes 1.1. RCA clean 1.1.1. Preliminary cleaning * Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) * Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) * Hydrofluoric acid (HFA) * Deionized water (DI Water) 1.1.2. SC-1 * Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) * text/html 2026-03-27T15:11:43+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=glossary.md&rev=1774624303&do=diff Glossary Fabrication Fabrication (or Manufacturing)is the process of building circuits on a silicon wafer in a cleanroom environment where all aspects of production (temperature, power, chemistries, moisture, contamination, etc.) are tightly controlled. It take 40 to 150 days to complete the fabrication process. text/html 2026-02-03T08:27:23+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=intro_hdd&rev=1770107243&do=diff HDD System Definition - Goal and scope * HDD = Hard Disk Drive * Storage device that uses magnetic storage to save, store and retrieve data Definition What is it used for? * Save, store and retrieve data * It is permanent storage, unlike volatile memory like RAM. text/html 2026-04-02T14:12:22+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=intro_oled&rev=1775139142&do=diff OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) screen physics behind OLEDs OLEDs are emitting light thanks to the electron-hole recombination principle. OLEDs are made of: * an organic emissive layer in which electron and hole recombine: electrons being excited by an electrical field unexcite themselves by emitting a photon text/html 2026-03-16T12:23:07+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=intro_optical_sensor&rev=1773663787&do=diff Optical sensors System Definition - Goal and scope Definition * Optical/image sensor = device that detects and converts light rays into electrical signals, that can be viewed, analyzed, or stored * Context : In smartphones and cameras, the number of image sensors is increasing. No environmental data available text/html 2026-04-13T14:52:27+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=intro_pcb&rev=1776091947&do=diff Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) System definition - Goal and scope Definition A Printed Circuit Board (PCB) or Printed Wiring Boards (PWB) consists of a superposition of alternating conductive and insulating layers. The ensemble forms a set of conductive, used for routing power and signal in electronic components. A PCB with electronics components mounted on it can be called a Printed Circuit Board Assembly (PCBA). text/html 2026-04-02T14:23:59+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=intro_screen&rev=1775139839&do=diff Screen System Definition - Goal and scope A screen is an electronic device designed to render visual content, by displaying electronic images. It is composed of pixels, which light up to create the image. Definition What is it used for? * Render visual content, by displaying electronic images * Used for laptop, tablet, smartphone, computer monitor, television text/html 2026-03-30T13:56:06+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=intro_wafer&rev=1774878966&do=diff Wafers System definition A silicon wafer is a thin slice of silicon (semiconductor material) that is used in the manufacturing of integrated circuits. What is it used for? Wafers are at the basis of many electronic components like RAMs, CPUs, GPUs, SSDs, etc. text/html 2026-04-08T11:49:24+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=pcb_manufacturing&rev=1775648964&do=diff Manufacturing processes of multilayer Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) This page is dedicated to explaining the process flow of multilayer PCB manufacturing. The image gives an overview of this flow <https://www.ncabgroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/02-NCAB_Group_Seminars_How-to-make-a-PCB_2_0_150925.pdf>: It is important to note that this flow is adapted depending on the type of PCB (single sided, double sided, or multilayer). See the image below to have a better understanding of the differ… text/html 2026-04-01T12:52:35+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=screen_manufacturing&rev=1775047955&do=diff Manufacturing processes of Screens LCD screen manufacturing OLED screen manufacturing manufacturing flow of OLED screens (undetailed) 1. Substrate fabrication and preparation 2. TFT matrix (optional) 3. anode fabrication 4. HIL (hole injection layer) and HTL (hole transport layer) fabrications text/html 2026-02-03T08:27:23+00:00 Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) https://lib.naknow.eco/doku.php?id=start&rev=1770107243&do=diff Welcome! Introduction Welcome to naKnow's knowledge base! :) Take a look at DokuWiki manual to learn how to use this tool. A user guide for naKnow's knowledge base will come soon. What is naKnow? naKnow addresses one of the most pressing challenges in today’s digital economy: building transparent, reliable, and actionable environmental intelligence for electronic components. naKnow aims to become an international, federating platform for environmental knowledge in the digital sector.