HDD
System Definition - Goal and scope
- HDD = Hard Disk Drive
- Storage device that uses magnetic storage to save, store and retrieve data
Definition
What is it used for?
- Save, store and retrieve data
- It is permanent storage, unlike volatile memory like RAM.
- Can be used in desktops, laptops, servers or for external storage.
Are there different types/technologies?
Interface:
- SATA = Serial ATA
- PATA = Parallel ATA
- SCSI = Small Computer System Interface
Form factor:
- 2.5 inch
- 3.4 inch
If different types, what are the differences in terms of materials, process, use consumption?
Is there a generic component that represents a family of components?
How many sub-parts does the system consist of?
Perimeter
What is included?
What is excluded?
Functional unit and reference flows
What is the functional unit?
What are the reference flows?
Life Cycle - Inventory
⇒ Goal: Define state of the art on life cycle stages to be considered.
Database and tools
What are the already existing data (dataset, parametric model, paper, etc.)?
Raw materials
⇒ Goal: List the technical information needed for the LCI.
What is it made of?
Who are the main mining? Where are they located?
Is there mining processes information available?
Manufacturing
⇒ Goal: List the technical information needed for the LCI.
For each system sub-part:
What are the manufacturing processes?
What are the assembly processes?
For each process, what is the energy consumption?
For each process, what are the inputs (water, chemicals, etc.) ?
For each process, what is the yield? Are they co-products and/or losses?
TBR
An HDD is composed of the following elements:
Platters:
- One or more
- Double-sided
- Glass substrates, coated with magnetic material
- They are spinning, thanks to the motor.
Motor:
- Spindle with motor
Read-write heads:
- Positioned by actuators
- It is flying 3 nm above the disk surface
Supporting electronics
How the “main” manufacturers can be characterized: by the number of components manufactured, the market share (€), other?
Who are the main manufacturers?
3 main manufacturers:
- Seagate
- Western Digital
- Toshiba
#### Where are they located?
Distribution and packaging
⇒ Goal: List the technical information needed for the LCI.
What are the packaging? Made of which materials?
Which are the transport modes?
What are the transport distances?
Use
⇒ Goal: List the technical information needed for the LCI.
What is the service lifespan? (durée d'utilisation)
Is there a reparation factor?
Is there sub-parts replacement?
Where is it used?
Who are the users?
Which + how much energy does it need?
Is there emissions from use?
End of life
⇒ Goal: List the technical information needed for the LCI.
What is the lifetime? (durée de vie)
Is it different from lifespan and why?
Is it refurbished? + Where?
Is it recyclable? Can it be dismantled? Which material can be separated? + Where and how?
Is it incinerated with energy recovery? Just incinerated? Buried? + Where?
Which part of waste can be considered as mismanaged (neither recycled, nor incinerated, nor buried)?
State of the art
⇒ Goal: Define state of the art on environmental impacts.
For all the existing works, define:
- Methodology (LCA/GHG, env. indicators, etc.)
- Types of technologies covered (system definition)
- Life cycle stages covered
- Flux included in the scope
- Main results (hot spots, orders of magnitude, etc.)
- Limitations
Bibliography
⇒ Goal: Source every data we cited previously
List of our sources
Data origin: bibliographic source / consortium hypothesis / expert opinion - required if a Data Quality Rating (DQR) must be completed
Next steps
⇒ Goal: List challenges and clarify priority areas for action
Discussion